Tim Manning

RiverSource Investments combines macroeconomic, geopolitical analysis with fundamental research to identify the most promising investment opportunities across global regions, markets, sectors and stocks. Stocks are selected based on their ability to outperform in the context of the firm's economic outlook. Stocks are sold when there is a change in their fundamental characteristics and when they are no longer expected to outperform in the existing economic climate. All of RiverSource's strategies incorporate the use of both top-down and bottom-up analysis. The firm's equity strategies include: the RiverSource Contrarian 120/20 Strategy, the RiverSource Dividend Opportunity Strategy, the RiverSource Mid-Cap Growth Strategy, the RiverSource Mid-Cap Value Strategy, the RiverSource Opportunity Value Strategy, the RiverSource Value Strategy and the Seligman Small-Cap Value Strategy. Though not limited by sector, RiverSource tends to invest in the stocks of mid-cap and large-cap companies in the finance, electronic technology, technology services and health technology sectors. The firm maintains a low turnover rate. The RiverSource Contrarian 120/20 strategy's structure allows for focus on opportunities without style confinement. It is a short portfolio that seeks to achieve efficient risk management and increased informational efficiency through investments in ETFs and index/basket securities combined with a long portfolio that seeks to generate total return. The RiverSource Dividend Opportunity strategy employs a disciplined contrarian approach that employs collaborative analysis that incorporates intrinsic value and behavioral insights with disciplined risk management. The strategy seeks to provide competitive performance over the long-term. The RiverSource Mid-Cap Growth strategy seeks to achieve competitive risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles through investments in high-quality growth companies with solid fundamental strengths including proven management teams, sustainable franchises, earnings improvement, sufficient free cash flow and reasonable valuations. The RiverSource Mid-Cap Value strategy employs a disciplined contrarian approach that employs collaborative analysis that incorporates intrinsic value and behavioral insights and disciplined risk management. The strategy seeks to provide competitive performance over the long-term. The RiverSource Opportunity Value strategy employs a disciplined contrarian investment approach that focuses on investments in the stocks of large-cap companies. The strategy is based on a disciplined contrarian approach that employs collaborative analysis which incorporates intrinsic value and behavioral insights and disciplined risk management. The strategy seeks to provide competitive performance over the long-term. The RiverSource Value strategy employs a disciplined large-cap value contrarian investment approach that is based on collaborative analysis which incorporates intrinsic value and behavioral insights and disciplined risk management. The strategy seeks to provide competitive performance over the long-term. The Seligman Small-Cap Value strategy seeks to generate competitive returns over a 3 to 5 year time horizon through investments in undervalued companies with improving fundamentals and market-caps of $3 billion or less. RiverSources' fixed-income strategies include: the RiverSource Bank Loan Strategy, the RiverSource Core Fixed-Income Aggregate Strategy, the RiverSource Core Plus Fixed-Income Aggregate Strategy, the RiverSource Currency Alpha Absolute Return Strategy, the RiverSource Global Aggregate Fixed-Income Strategy, the RiverSource Global Government Fixed-Income Strategy, the RiverSource Global Inflation Protected Securities Strategy, the Institutional High Yield Fixed-Income Strategy, the RiverSource Investment Grade Corporate Fixed-Income Strategy and the RiverSource US Inflation Protected Securities Strategy. The RiverSource Bank Loan strategy invests in a broadly diversified portfolio that seeks to maximize returns and minimize default risk over the long-run. The RiverSource Core Fixed-Income Aggregate strategy seeks to produce consistent excess returns over a client's benchmark within a risk-managed framework that is consistent with the client's objectives. The RiverSource Core Plus Fixed-Income Aggregate strategy seeks to produce excess returns over a client's benchmark within a risk-managed framework that is consistent with the client's objectives through investments that include high yield, non-dollar and emerging markets opportunities. The RiverSource Currency Alpha Absolute Return strategy seeks to achieve positive absolute returns in excess of the return on cash, with a low correlation to traditional asset classes. The RiverSource Global Aggregate Fixed-Income strategy seeks to generate alpha in a risk-controlled framework by focusing on multiple and uncorrelated sources of active risk. The RiverSource Global Government Fixed-Income strategy seeks to generate alpha in a risk-controlled framework by focusing on multiple and uncorrelated sources of active risk, through investments that focus on global government and government-related securities. The RiverSource Global Inflation Protected Securities strategy seeks to provide positive risk-adjusted returns relative to the benchmark by focusing on duration management, yield curve and country selection across global markets. RiverSource's Institutional High Yield Fixed-Income strategy seeks strong and consistent risk-adjusted returns with a focus on generating alpha and actively managing downside risk. The RiverSource Investment Grade Corporate Fixed-Income strategy seeks credit opportunities in the investment grade corporate bond market that can be exploited to achieve attractive risk-adjusted returns. The strategy focuses on investments in securities with solid fundamental credit, a reasonable time horizon and the ability to withstand short-term volatility. The RiverSource US Inflation Protected Securities strategy seeks to provide positive risk-adjusted returns relative to the benchmark by focusing on duration management, yield curve and security selection in domestic markets.

SSR combines bottom-up stock selection with quantitative risk controls. The Asset Allocation committee formulates the asset allocation strategy based upon the relative attractiveness, variability and correlation between the equity and fixed income markets. The committee reviews a wide range of factors that include forecasts of corporate earnings, liquidity and an assessment of macroeconomic trends. The committee formally reviews allocation targets on a monthly basis. For active equity management they combine bottom-up stock selection based on comprehensive fundamental research with explicit sector weighting decisions and quantitative risk management. Teams manage portfolios. SSR believes that fixed income security prices respond to economic fundamentals in predictable but not perfectly efficient ways. They seek to identify opportunities created by these inefficiencies through fundamental research supported by quantitative risk controls.

WMC relies on their extensive independent research and includes portfolio management styles and approaches in equities, fixed income securities, currencies and commodities, as well as asset allocation across these categories. The firm has several different disciplines when approaching research and these include asset allocation analysts, currency analysts, data scientists, factor analysts, fixed income credit analysts, fixed income market analysts, global industry analysts and research associates, macro-analysts, quantitative analysts and technical analysts.

Within each investment style, JHA employs a team approach to portfolio management. These teams have relative autonomy for making investment decisions within the strategies' objectives and client guidelines. Each investment team member specializes in an industry or group of industries. A bottom-up investment approach emphasizes detailed fundamental analysis. All portfolio managers perform research and contribute ideas, and the entire investment staff meets daily to exchange market perspectives and investment ideas.

Functions as a College/University