Phillip Goldstein

MVC Capital, Inc is private Equity fund invest in equity and debt investment capital to fund growth, acquisitions, and recapitalizations of small and middle-market companies located in the United States. company operates through the MVC and MVCFS segments. The MVC segment consists of MVC Cayman and MVC Turf. The MVCFS segment refers to its subsidiary which provides advisory, administrative, and other services to the company and its portfolio companies. It participates in senior and subordinated loans, common and preferred stock, and warrants or rights to acquire equity interests, or convertible securities requirements.

Full Value Advisors LLC is a hedge fund management firm headquartered in Saddle Brook, New Jersey. The firm is a subsidiary of Bulldog Holdings LLC, which is owned by Bulldog Super Holdco, Inc. It serves as an investment adviser to certain private investment companies.

Kimball & Winthrop LLC is a hedge fund manager headquartered in Pleasantville, New York. The firm was founded in 1992 and they are a subsidiary of Bulldog Holdings LLC, which is owned by Bulldog Super Holco, Inc. Kimball & Winthrop manages assets of financially sophisticated clients.

Crossroads Capital, Inc. is a managed, non-diversified, closed-end management investment company. It has an objective of focusing on preserve capital and maximize stockholder value by pursuing the sale of our portfolio investments, limiting expenses and deploying surplus cash as appropriate, including into yielding investments to offset, in part, operating expenses. The company was founded on May 9, 2008 and is headquartered in Lincoln, NE.

Emergent Capital, Inc. engageD in the business of owning a portfolio of life insurance policies. The firm invested primarily in life settlements, which provided liquidity for the owners of life insurance policies that face a short-term cash need or can no longer afford their insurance premiums. The company was founded on December 15, 2006 and was headquartered in Boca Raton, FL.

Special Opportunities Global Fund, Inc. operates as a closed-end investment fund and investment trust. The company was founded on November 5, 2013 and is headquartered in Milwaukee, WI.

High Income Securities Fund is a close-end management investment fund. The firm engages in the provision of mutual fund services. It seeks to provide high current income as a primary objective and capital appreciation as a secondary objective. The company is headquartered in Milwaukee, WI.

Bulldog Investors LLP is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and hedge fund manager headquartered in Saddle Brook, New Jersey. The firm was co-founded by Phillip Goldstein and Steve Samuels in 1992 as Brooklyn Capital Management LLC. Bulldog Investors offers its event-driven, opportunistic style of investing to individuals and wealth managers through separately managed accounts (SMAs).

Special Opportunities Fund (Fund Distributor) is a fund distributor located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The firm serves as the fund distributor for the Special Opportunities Fund, Inc., a closed-end investment fund/investment trust that was formed in February 1993. The fund was formerly known as the Insured Municipal Income Fund, Inc. The Special Opportunities Fund maintains a total return investment objective. The fund's investment advisor is Brooklyn Capital Management LLC. Brooklyn Capital Management employs an opportunistic investment approach with emphasis on investments in discounted closed-end funds, undervalued operating companies and other attractive special situations including risk arbitrage and distressed securities.

Part of Accel Entertainment, Inc., Bulldog Holdings LLC operates as a holding private company. The company is based in Colchester, VT.